This is a description of the "Data, Information, Knowledge and Wisdom" hierarchy.
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Data
Understanding nothing. You have a collection of symbols. You don't know what they mean.
Information
Understanding relations. You know how symbols are related, but still don't understand the symbols.
Knowledge
Understanding patterns. You understand how relationships can be combined to give an overview of a concept.
Wisdom
Understanding principles. You understand how concepts are related, and can make predictions about new concepts based on previous knowledge.